CHILD SURGEON
INGUINAL HERNIA AND HYDROCELE
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An inguinal hernia is a common condition in children, particularly in boys, and occurs when part of the intestine protrudes through a persistent canal between the child belly and scrotum. Normally this canal obliterates during normal development. It usually presents as a lump or swelling in the groin area and may cause discomfort or pain, especially when the child is straining or coughing. Inguinal hernias require surgical repair to prevent complications, such as incarceration or strangulation of the herniated bowel. If your child has been diagnosed with an inguinal hernia, surgery (herniotomy) is typically the recommended treatment. The surgical procedure is usually performed on an outpatient basis, and your child will likely be able to return home the same day. The surgery involves pushing the protruding tissue back into the abdominal cavity and closing the abnormal canal. As compared to hernia in adults there is usually not muscle weakness so mech placement is not needed.
Hydrocoele is a condition in which there is fluid collection in this persistent canal. The opening of this canal in the belly is too narrow to allow the intestine to enter this canal. These children can be kept under observation if child does not have symptoms as in some cases the swelling may resolve on its own. If surgery is needed then similar to inguinal hernia, an herniotomy is advised.
Surgery related
There are two common surgical approaches for repairing inguinal hernias in children: open surgery and laparoscopic surgery.
Open surgery involves making an incision in the groin. The incision is 2-4 cm long and is in a skin crease usually below the panty line and hence has an excellent cosmetic outcome.
Laparoscopic surgery involves multiple 3-5 mm incisions in the belly around the umbilicus to perform the same surgery.
After surgery, it is important to follow the surgeon's instructions for post-operative care, which may include restrictions on physical activity, pain management, and wound care. Your child may experience some discomfort and swelling in the groin area for a few days after surgery, but this usually resolves within a week or two.
Follow up
The long-term outlook for a child with an inguinal hernia is good, especially if the hernia is repaired promptly. The surgical repair is typically successful in relieving symptoms and preventing complications such as bowel obstruction or incarceration.
In rare cases, the hernia may recur after surgery, requiring additional treatment. However, the risk of recurrence is generally low, especially if the surgery is performed by an experienced surgeon.
Overall, with proper medical care and prompt treatment, children with inguinal hernias can expect to recover well and lead healthy, active lives. However, it is important for parents to be vigilant for signs of recurrence or other complications, such as abdominal pain or vomiting, and seek prompt medical attention if these occur.